| SCIENTIFIC NAME | COMMON NAME | GROWTH PATTERNS | ENVIRONMENTAL TOLERANCES | AESTHETICS | COMMENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Abies concolor |
White Fir |
Height- 50' -75' Width- 20' -30' Form- Pyramidal in shape, holding a dense, formal shape well. Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 3-8 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Brown cylindrical cones, upper 3rd of tree only. Foliage- Bluish upward pointing needles. Bark- Whitish gray smooth except for resin blisters |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Deer may damage young trees. |
|
Acer buergerianum |
Trident Maple |
Height- 20'-25' Width- 20'-25' Form- Rounded, Low branching Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 6 Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental Significance Fruit- No ornamental Significance Foliage- Lobed, duck foot shape Fall Color- Yellow/orange/red Bark- Gray, brown, Exfoliates in scaly patches |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Fairly tolerant of urban stresses |
|
Acer campestre |
Hedge Maple |
Height- 25'-35' Width- 20'-25' Form- Rounded, low branching Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 4-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- 3-5 Lobed Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Gray, black, shallow ridges and furrows |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and park Other-For narrow uses pruning might be needed |
|
Acer x freemanii |
Freeman Maple |
Height- 45'-70' Width- 20'-40' Form- Columnar to oval Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower-Yellow, red showy Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Lobed Fall Color-Yellow/orange/red Bark- Silver, gray |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Fairly tolerant of urban stresses |
|
Acer miyabei |
Miyabei Maple |
Height- 35'-45' Width- 30' Form- Oval to round, low branching Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full/tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Lobed Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Dark gray, rough, corky |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Heat tolerant |
|
Acer pseudoplatanus |
Sycamore Maple |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 30'-50' Form- Oval to rounded crown Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 3-10 Sun/Shade- Full/ tolerates partial shade Salt- Tolerates soil and airborne salt PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- 5 Lobed, 2 small basal, leathery, toothed Fall Color- Dull brown Bark- Gray, reddish Brown, flaky |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks |
|
Acer rubrum |
Red Maple |
Height- 35'-60' Width- 30'-70' Form- Pyramidal at youth, variable with age Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 3b Soil Moisture- 3-8 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- Red, orange Showy Fruit- Red Foliage- 3-5 Lobed Fall Color- Yellow/scarlet often showy Bark- Gray, brown, silver scaly |
Disease/Insect- Verticillium wilt and leaf hoppers Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Plant very intolerant of wounding, such as lawnmowers. Requires acid to neutral soils. |
|
Acer saccharum |
Sugar Maple |
Height- 60'-75' Width- 55'-70' Form- Oval to round Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 3b Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- 5 lobed, 2 small basal Fall Color- Yellow/orange/red showy Bark- Gray, brown ,plates |
Disease/Insect- Verticillium wilt, leaf hoppers and leaf scorch Suggested usage- Not suggested as a street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Intolerant of fill. Intolerant of increased light and restricted root space. Drought prone and not overly tolerant to urban stresses |
|
Acer tartaricump> |
Tartarian Maple |
Height- 15'-25' Width- 15'-25' Form- Round irregular, shrub like Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 3 Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full/ Tolerates partial shade Salt- Tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Green, White Fruit-† No ornamental significance Foliage- 3 Lobed, center lobe much longer Fall Color- Yellow/red Bark- Gray |
Disease/Insect- Verticillium wild and cankers Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Pruning may be needed in narrow plantings, may naturalize and seed litter may be a problem. |
|
Acer truncatum |
Painted Maple |
Height- 25'-35' Width- 25' Form- Rounded, low branching Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Green/yellow Fruit-† No ornamental significance Foliage- Lobed emerging purple/red then green Fall Color- Yellow/orange/red Bark- Gray, brown, rough and fissured |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Pruning may be needed in narrow plantings |
|
Aesculus hippocastanum |
Horsechestnut |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 30'-70' Form- Dense, oval to round Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-8 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Yellow, red very showy Fruit- 2î nut Foliage- Pinnately Compound Fall Color- Yellow/brown Bark- Gray, Brown |
Disease/Insect- Leaf scorch, leaf blotch and fungal disease problems. Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Fruit and leaves could pose as a litter problem. Casts dense shade. |
|
Aesculus x carnea |
Red Horsechesnut |
Height- 35'-50' Width- 30' Form- Dense, oval to round Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-8 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Yellow, Green Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Pinnately compound Fall Color- Pale yellow Bark- Gray, brown slightly ridged |
Disease/Insect- Leaf scorch, leaf blotch and fungal disease problems. Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Fruit could pose as a litter problem |
|
Alnus glutinosa |
European Alder |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 20'-40' Form- Narrow, pyramidal, or columnar Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4a Soil Moisture- 2-8 Sun/Shade- Full/ tolerates partial shade Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit-† No ornamental significance Foliage- Round, simple Fall Color- No ornamental significance Bark- Gray, brown |
Disease/Insect- Numerous diseases and insects can be problematic. Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Good for reclamation sites because fixes nitrogen. |
|
Amelanchier arborea |
Downy Serviceberry |
Height- 20'-30' Width- 15'-25' Form- Oval, single/multi stem Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 3b Soil Moisture- 4-7 Sun/Shade- Full/ tolerates partial shade Salt- Sensitive PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- White, showy, short lived Fruit- Red, attractive to birds Foliage- Elliptical, alternate Fall Color- Yellow/orange/red Bark- Gray smooth, vertical fishers, very ornamental |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting except when stressed. Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Plant adapts to high light and urban situations including low oxygen. Adapts to restricted root space. Versatile |
|
Betula nigra |
River Birch |
Height- 40'-50' Width- 30'-40' Form- Broad pyramidal, single/multi stem Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4b Soil Moisture- 2-8 Sun/Shade- Full/ tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Diamond shape wedge based, Fall Color-Yellow Bark- Flashy, shiny orange to brown |
Disease/Insect- Leaf spot and bronze birch borer Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Often multiple stems so wide areas are beneficial. Other-An acid soil requiring plant. Plant is quite tolerant of urban stress. Some fill will be tolerated. Plant will tolerate urban conditions. |
|
Betula papyrifera |
Paper Birch |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 30'-50' Form- Round to oval, irregular, low branching Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 2 Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage-Ovate with pointed tip, Fall Color- Bright yellow Bark- White, peeling |
Disease/Insect- Bronze birch borer Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other-. This plant will not tolerate increased heat and light especially in the root zone. Mulching is advisable. Out of its natural range, it is intolerant of construction activity. |
|
Betula populifolia |
Gray Birch |
Height- 40' Width- 25' Form- Pyramidal to oval, single/multi stem Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4a Soil Moisture- 4-8 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Ovate to triangular Fall Color- Showy yellow Bark- White with black patches, doesn't peel easily |
Disease/Insect- Bronze birch borer Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Often multiple stems so wide areas are beneficial. Other-An acid soil requiring tree. Will tolerate sterile soils. Urban or construction stresses will exacerbate this problem. |
|
Carpinus betulus |
European Hornbeam |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 30'-40' Form- Oval to rounded, low branching Rate-Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Oblong ovate with round base and pointed tip, heavily textured Fall Color- Not significant Bark- Steal gray, smooth, showy |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Wide plantings are recommended due to low branching. |
|
Carya cordiformis |
Bitternut Hickory |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 25'-35' Form- Cylindrical, irregular crown Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Small nut Foliage-Pinnately compounded Fall Color- Showy yellow/gold Bark- Gray, brown, shallow ridges |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Wide plantings are recommended due to deep tap root. Branching pattern generally better than pecan, however if the plant has co-dominant leaders they can be structurally unstable. Plant will tolerate some fill. Fruit may also pose a litter problem. |
|
Carya glabra |
Pignut Hickory |
Height- 50'-60' Width- 25'-35' Form- Cylindrical, narrow shape Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full/tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower-No ornamental significance Fruit- Small nut Foliage- Pinnately compound Fall Color- Yellow/gold Bark- Gray, brown, shallow ridges |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Plant generally has a structurally stable branching pattern. Plants tolerant of some fill. Plant is wind firm. Fruit may pose a litter problem. |
|
Carya ovata |
Shagbark Hickory |
Height- 60'-80' Width- 40'-60' Form- Cylindrical, ascending/ descending branches Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full/tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Edible nut Foliage- Pinnately compound Fall Color- Yellow/gold Bark- Shaggy long plates attached in the middle |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Plant will tolerate some fill. Plant normally has excellent branch structure. Growth rates and wound closure rates are slow. Plant is wind firm. Fruit may pose a litter problem. |
|
Catalpa speciosa |
Northern Catalpa |
Height-50'-60' (100+) Width- 20'-40' Form- Narrow, open, irregular oval Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4a Soil Moisture- 2-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- White bell shaped (attractive) Fruit- Long beans(8î-20î+) Foliage- Large heart shape Kelly green Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Gray, brown, ridges and furrows |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Tree adapts easily to urban conditions. Tree tolerant of wounding. Wood very resistant to decay. Tolerates disturbance. |
|
Celtis occidentalis |
Hackberry |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 40'+ Form- Irregular rounded Elm like branching Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 3a Soil Moisture- 3-11 Sun/Shade- Full/ tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Oblique base, serrated leaf margin Fall Color- Dull yellow Bark- Grey with lenticels, corky ridges |
Disease/Insect- Various problems , witches broom Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Tolerant of urban conditions and restricted root space. Tolerant of alkaline soils. Tolerant of urban sites and stresses. Tolerates some fill. |
|
Cercidiphyllum japonicum |
Katsura Tree |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 25'-60' Form- Rounding with age, single/multi stem Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 3-6 Sun/Shade- Full/ tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Heart shaped like Red Bud Fall Color- Yellow/apricot, outstanding Bark- Brown, shaggy, peeling |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Wide plantings are recommended due to tree size and drought sensitivity. |
|
Cercis canadensis |
Redbud |
Height- 20'-30' Width- 25'-35' Form- Open spreading flat top, low branching Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Partial shade Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Pink/purple, small, Fruit- Numerous pods Foliage- Wide heart shape, zigzag growth pattern Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Red, brown scaly with orange |
Disease/Insect- Cankers sometimes Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Pruning may be needed in narrow plantings. Plant adapts to calcareous soils. Plant will not adapt to high or reflected light as a single plant. |
|
Cladrastis kentukea |
Yellow Wood |
Height- 30'-50' Width- 40'-55' Form- Broadly rounded, arching, low branching, single/multi stem Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4b Soil Moisture- 4-7 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower-Pods Fruit- Fragrant white pea like(Wisteria) Foliage- Ovate, elliptical , Pinnately compound Fall Color-Yellow/gold/orange Bark- Smooth green, yellow heart wood |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Pruning may be needed in narrow plantings. |
|
Corylus americana |
American Hazelnut |
Height- 8'-15' Width- 10'-20' Form- Multi stemmed, shrub- like, Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4-10 Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full/tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- Male catkins, yellow-brown showy. Fruit- nut enclosed in involucres matures in September, edible. Foliage- Heart shaped leaf base. Fall Color- Copper, red Bark- Brown |
Disease/Insect- Blight, leaf spot and caterpillars. Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Good for difficult sites. |
|
Cornus florida |
Flowering Dogwood |
Height- 30' Width- 30' Form- Round, flat top, low almost horizontal branching Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-10 Sun/Shade- Full/tolerates full shade Salt- Sensitive PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- Small with large white bracts, showy Fruit- Bright, shiny red attractive to birds Foliage- Simple ovate leaf Fall Color- Red/purple holds long Bark- Grey, brown scaly square blocks |
Disease/Insect- Due to over use disease and insect problems have become prevalent. Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other-Forest understory plants do not adapt readily to removing the tree canopy from above them. Intolerant of disturbance. |
|
Cornus mas |
Corneliancherry Dogwood |
Height- 20' Width- 20' Form- Round to oval, multi stem Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full/ tolerates partial shade Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Small yellow clusters Fruit- Round olive Foliage- Glossy, simple opposite Fall Color- Typically not showy Bark- Scaly gray, brown, exfoliating |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Pruning may be needed in narrow plantings |
|
Corylus colurna |
Turkish Filbert |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 20'-40' Form- Broadly pyramidal, conical Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-8 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Edible nut Foliage- Simple, obovate, cordate base Fall Color- Yellow/purple/red Bark- Brown, flaky |
Disease/Insect- Easter Filbert blight Suggested usage- Lawns and parks |
|
Cotinus obovatus |
American Smoketree |
Height- 20'-30' Width- 15'-30' Form- Oval to round, multi stem, shrub like Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Green/white Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage-Obovate, blue-green Fall Color- Yellow/orange/red/purple Bark- Gray, brown flaky |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Pruning may be needed in narrow plantings. |
|
Crataegus crus-galli var. inermis |
Thornless Cockspur Hawthorn |
Height- 20'-25' Width- 15'-30' Form- Round, strong horizontal branching Rate-Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4a Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Small, white Fruit- Small red pome Foliage-Obovate, shiny, sharp leaf margins Fall Color- Bronze, red Bark- Gray, slender |
Disease/Insect-Many disease and insect susceptibilities, fire blight, leaf blight, defoliating diseases and lace bug Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks |
|
Crataegus phaenopyrum |
Washington Hawthorn |
Height- 20'-30' Width- 20'-25' Form- Round densely branching Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4a Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Small, white Fruit- Small red pome birds find attractive Foliage- Lobed, subcordate Fall Color- Orange/red Bark- Apple like with 1î-3î thorns |
Disease/Insect-Many disease and insect susceptibilities, fire blight, leaf blight, defoliating diseases and lace bug Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Thorns may be a problem. |
|
Crataegus punctata var. inermis 'Ohio Pioneer' |
Ohio Pioneer Dotted Hawthorn |
Height- 20'-25' Width- 30'-35' Form- Round densely branching Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Large, white Fruit- Red with white dots Foliage- Hawthorn type leaf Fall Color- Purple/red Bark- Silver, gray |
Disease/Insect-Many disease and insect susceptibilities, fire blight, leaf blight, defoliating diseases and lace bug Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks |
|
Crataegus viridis 'Winter King' |
Winter King Hawthorn |
Height- 20'-25' Width- 25' Form- Round to vase shape Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- White clusters Fruit- Large, red showy Foliage- Typical Hawthorn type leaf Fall Color- Purple/scarlet/gold/bronze Bark- Sliver, gray exfoliates to reveal orange, brown inner bark |
Disease/Insect-Many disease and insect susceptibilities, fire blight, leaf blight, defoliating diseases and lace bug Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other- Thorns may be a problem. |
|
Fagus grandifolia |
American Beech |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 120'+ Form- Branches often touching ground if not crowded Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full/tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit-Edible three winged nut Foliage- Simply serrated leaf dark on top light on bottom Fall Color-Bronze Bark- Light gray, smooth |
Disease/Insect-Relatively pest free, Beech Bark Disease Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other-Wide plantings due to size and low branching. Protect the tree from construction activity under the drip line of the tree. Mulch over the root zone following construction is highly desirable. Tree is sensitive to increased light following removable of surrounding forest and sunscald may occur. Thin bark makes this tree sensitive to wounding. A poor wound response makes this tree vulnerable to decay. |
|
Fraxinus americana |
White Ash |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 40'-60' Form- Oval Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4a Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Pinnately compound, narrow, ovate Fall Color- Yellow/purple Bark- Gray, uniform furrows, diamond pattern |
Disease/Insect- Susceptible to many diseases and insects, Ash Yellow is the most serious Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other-Does not adapt to changes in moisture levels. Either excess or reduced moisture will cause problems. Decline occurs over time. |
|
Fraxinus excelsior 'Aureafolia' |
European Ash |
Height- 60' Width- 45' Form- Upright oval to rounded, dense Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4b Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage-Pinnately compound, narrow ovate Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Gray, brown |
Disease/Insect- Susceptible to many diseases and insects, Ash Yellow is the most serious Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks |
|
Fraxinus pennsylvanica |
Green Ash |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 30'-50' Form- Irregular oval to rounded Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 2a Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage-Pinnately compound, narrow ovate Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Gray, furrowed |
Disease/Insect- Susceptible to many diseases and insects, Resists Ash Yellow Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and park. Other-May require protection from borers during reestablishment period. Adapts to low oxygen environments. Plant has a good wound response. Tolerates some fill and restricted root zone. |
|
Fraxinus quadrangulata |
Blue Ash |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 40'-50' Form- Narrow, dense, rounded crown Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone-† 4 Soil Moisture- 3-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Pinnately compounded, serrated leaf margins Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Gray, old bark platy, inner bark bluish, twigs with corky ridges. |
Disease/Insect- Susceptible to many diseases and insects, Ash Yellow is the most serious Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Plant has good wound response and adapts to an urbanizing situation. Tolerates high soil acidity. Decline occurs over time. |
|
Ginkgo biloba |
Ginkgo |
Height- 50'-80' Width- 30'-40' Form- Pyramidal, open wide branches Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 4b Soil Moisture- 4-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some Tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Foul smelling, not wanted Foliage- Unique fan shape Fall Color- Yellow, showy Bark- Gray, brown, ridges |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other-Avoid female trees because fruits emit a noxious odor. Tolerant of urban conditions. Reestablishment period can be protracted. Tolerates restricted root space. |
|
Gleditsia triacanthos |
Honey-locust |
Height- 40'-80' Width- 30'-70' Form- Oval to rounded, open spreading Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4b Soil Moisture- 2-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some Tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Small, greenish Fruit- Large pods Foliage- Pinnately or bipinnately compound, small leaflets Fall Colors- Clear/yellow Bark- Gray, brown, long smooth patches, thorns |
Disease/Insect- Bag worms, mites, web worms and cankers. Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other-Over used. Plants adapts to high light in urban situations. Plant sensitive to wounding when young, but somewhat resistant as an older plant. Tolerates disturbance. Thorns and pods may pose a problem. |
|
Gymnocladus dioica |
Kentucky Coffee-tree |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 40'-50' Form- oval to vase shape, unique branching Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4a Soil Moisture- 3-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Green/white Fruit- Large pods Foliage- Bipinnately compound Fall Color- No ornamental significance Bark- Grey, brown, ridges and furrows |
Disease/Insect-Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Use of male plants eliminates fruit litter. Plants adapts to high light and urban situations. Tough bark is resistant to mechanical injury. Tolerates disturbance. |
|
Ilex opaca |
American Holly |
Height- 20'-40' Width- 15'-25' Form- Pyramidal, low branching Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5 Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- Small, white Fruit- Small, red, showy Foliage- Evergreen, spiny leaves Fall Color- No ornamental significance Bark- Smooth grey/brown |
Disease/Insect- Leaf spot, winder burn and leaf miners Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Needs a protected site from the wind. Plant adapts readily to urban situations. Tolerates restricted root zone. Tolerates some fill. Bark is thin. Acid soil requiring. |
|
Juglans cinerea |
Butternut |
Height- 40'- 60' Width- 30'- 50' Form- Slow Rate- Wide spreading crown with upright branches. |
Hardiness Zone- 3 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Oblong nut, covered with hairs Foliage- Pinnately compound Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Gray with ridges and furrows. |
Disease/Insect- Susceptible to cankers Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Fruit may pose a litter problem |
|
Juglans nigra |
Black Walnut |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 30'-40' Form- Oval, open crown Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Edible nut Foliage- Pinnately compound, 1'-2' serrated leaves Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Brown, grey, black, with diamond shaped deep furrows |
Disease/Insect-Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other- Wide plantings are recommended due to size. Plant requires good soil conditions in order to perform. Under poor conditions, this plant is severely stunted. Tree has a tendency to defoliate in August. Fruit is a serious litter problem. May inhibit growth of other plants in its root zone. |
|
Juniperus virginiana |
Eastern Red Cedar |
Height- 40'-50' Width- 8'-15' Form- Conical, opening with age Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 3 Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Tolerant PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Berry like blue cones Foliage- Needles closely pressed and over lapping Fall Color- Bronze color during cold months Bark-Red, brown, shredded strips |
Disease/Insect-Bag worm Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other-Pollen may cause allergy problems. Will survive in very low nutrition soils. Tolerates urban conditions. Tolerant of wounding. |
|
Koelreuteria paniculata |
Goldenraintree |
Height- 30' Width- 30' Form- Open, rounded, irregular Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 4-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Small yellow with red centers Fruit- Large inflated paper capsules, showy Foliage- Pinnately or bipinnately compound, irregular tooth Fall Color- Yellow or orange but inconsistence Bark- Light grey, brown, ridges and furrows |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. |
|
Liquidambar styraciflua |
Sweetgum |
Height-50'-75'(120+) Width- 40'-60' Form- Oval, rounded with age Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Mace like balls Foliage- Maple like, star shape Fall Color- Orange/red/ purple/burgundy, showy Bark-Grey, brown, ridges and furrows |
Disease/Insect-None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other-Fruit litter may be a slight problem. Plant can adapt to a low oxygen and restricted root space. Plant can adapt to high light situations. Plants can tolerate fill. |
|
Liriodendron tulipifera |
Tuliptree |
Height- 70'-90' Width- 150+ Wild Form- Pyramidal youth, oval with age Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 3-7 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Tulip shape, yellow with orange center Fruit- Tan cone shape Foliage- Tulip shape leaves Fall Color- Yellow/gold, showy Bark- Grey with fine stripes |
Disease/Insect-No serious or limiting Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Wide plantings are recommended due to size and drought sensitivity. The tree is sensitive to wounding but tolerant of soil compaction. Plant intolerant of sterile soil conditions. |
|
Maclura pomifera var. inermis |
Osage Orange |
Height- 30'-50' Width- 30'-50' Form- Irregular, round, low branches Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 2-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower-† No ornamental significance Fruit- Large synocorp of drupes, dried orange look Foliage- Oblong, pointed tip, subcordate base Fall Color- No ornamental significance Bark-Brown, vertical fishers, scaly ridges |
Disease/Insect-Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Male tree does not have fruit litter. Often used as windbreaks. Twigs are thorny |
|
Magnolia acuminata |
Cucumber Magnolia |
Height- 50' -80' Width- 50' -80' Form- Pyramidal in youth and becoming more open with age wide-spreading branches. Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4-9 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Greenish white flowers, fragrant. Fruit- Looks like small cucumber, has red seeds Foliage- Large ovate yellowish green leaves. Fall Color- Yellowish bronze. Bark- Thin grey brown. |
Disease/Insect-Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Thin bark is susceptible to damage from lawn equipment. |
|
Magnolia x soulangiana† |
Saucer Magnolia |
Height- 30' Width- 20'-30' Form- Often multi trunk, irregular round shape Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5-9 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- White, pink, purple cut shape, showy. Sometimes fragrant. Fruit- 4" long aggregate fruit with knobby surface Foliage- Dark green, elliptical with sharply pointed tip. Fall Color- Yellowish brown. Bark- Smooth silver gray. |
Disease/Insect- Sooty mold and magnolia scale. Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Susceptible to late frost and limb break due to heavy ice or snow loads. Due to multiple stems generally recovers from limb breakage. |
|
Magnolia stellata |
Star Magnolia |
Height- 15' -20' Width- 10'-20' Form- Often multi trunk, round oval. Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4-9 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- White, pink tepals. Some times fragrant. Fruit- Aggregate fruit with knobby surface, split to reveal red seeds. Foliage- Smaller than other magnolia tight leaf mass. Bark- Smooth silver gray, attractive. |
Disease/Insect- Sooty mold and magnolia scale. Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Susceptible to late frost and limb break due to heavy ice or snow loads. Due to multiple stems generally recovers from limb breakage. |
|
Malus spp |
Flowering Crabapple |
Height- 20' Width- 20' Form- Vase to rounded oval Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Varies greatly depending on cultivar |
Disease/Insect- Many cultivars are highly disease susceptible lees of a problem in the north but still can be problematic. Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Fruit litter may be problematic. |
|
Malus coronaria |
Sweet Crab |
Height- 30' Width- 30' Form- Stout branching, broad crown Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Varies greatly depending on cultivar |
Disease/Insect- Many cultivars are highly disease susceptible lees of a problem in the north but still can be problematic. Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other-Will adapt to urban situations and high light. Plant is disease prone to cosmetic diseases. Tolerant of wounding. Tolerates some fill. |
|
Malus pumila |
Apple |
Height- 30'-40' Width- 20'-30' Form- Spreading, rounded crown Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Varies greatly depending on cultivar |
Disease/Insect- Many cultivars are highly disease susceptible lees of a problem in the north but still can be problematic. Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other-Adaptable to high light in urban situations. Tolerant of wounding. Tolerates some fill. |
|
Metasequoia glyptostroboides |
Dawn Redwood |
Height- 70'-100' Width- 25'-50' Form- Pyramidal, buttressed vase Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 3-8 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Elongated round cones Foliage- Deciduous needles stems, opposite branching Fall Color- No ornamental significance Bark- Red, brown, shredded, braided structure |
Disease/Insect-None serious or limiting, mites will defoliate under drought stress. Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other- Extremely wide plantings are recommended due to size and drought sensitivity. |
|
Nyssa sylvatica |
Black-gum |
Height- 30'-60' Width- 20'-40' Form- Horizontal branching, irregular oval Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 2-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Brown black droops, attractive to birds Foliage- Simple ovate leaf Fall Color- Florescent yellow/orange/red/purple, very showy Bark- Grey, black, block like |
Disease/Insect-None serious or limiting. Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Fruit litter can stain and become problematic. Adapts to urban situations. Acid soil requiring plant. Will adapt to low oxygen site. |
|
Oxydendrum arboreum |
Sourwood |
Height- 25'- 75' Width- 20'- 30' Form- pyramidal shape drooping and swooping branches Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 2-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun/ partial shade Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- Small white flower in elongated clusters Fruit- Long descending capsules. Foliage- Elliptical shape with an acuminate tip, high ornamental quality Fall Color- Maroon, scarlet or plum color, very showy Bark- Grey, brown, block like. Twigs are bright red. |
Disease/Insect-None serious or limiting. Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other- Does not tolerate pollution. |
|
Parrotia persic |
Persian Parrotia |
Height- 20'-30' Width- 15'-25' Form- Broadly pyramidal to round, irregular branching Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5 Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Red, showy Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Obovate shape, serrated leaf margins Fall Color- Orange/red/yellow Bark- Grey, green, white, brown, peeling |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other- Pruning may be needed in narrow plantings. Pruning must be done in spring. |
|
Phellodendron amurense |
Amur Cork Tree |
Height- 30'-45' Width- 30'-40' Form- Broad vase to round, massive branches Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 4b Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Pea size, black Foliage- Opposite pinnately compound, lustrous dark green Fall Color- No ornamental significance Bark- Ridges and furrows, soft cork like feel, light grey |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Fruit litter may be problematic. May naturalize. Use male to solve both |
|
Picea abies |
Norway Spruce |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 30'-35' Form- Conical Rate- Fast then slowing |
Hardiness Zone- 3 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- Pink and at terminal bud Fruit- Large tan cones Foliage- Green needles, Point down and towards stem Bark- Grey, brown, peeling scales |
Disease/Insect- Spruce gall adelgid, red spiders and tip weevils Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Group plantings Other-Cones may become a litter problem. Loss of this plant is often due to wind throw, excessive lower pruning will enhance risk. Anything that will increase wind and increase the sail effect will likely result in greater wind instability.† Intolerant of excessive root loss. Tolerant of urban conditions. |
|
Picea glauca |
White Spruce |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 10'-20 Form- Conical, more loose with age Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 2 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Tolerance PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Light brown smooth cones located at end of branches. Foliage- Blue-green needles crowned on upper-side of branch, stiff and pointed. Bark- Brown, peeling to expose silver inner bark. |
Disease/Insect- Spruce gall adelgid, red spiders and root rot. Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Group plantings Other- Tolerant of urban conditions. Has a good salt tolerance so often used in high salt areas such as sea shore plantings. |
|
Picea omorika |
Serbian Spruce |
Height- 50'-60' Width- 20'-25' Form- Pyramidal Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- Males strawberry color Fruit- Elongate, oval cone Foliage- 1î Green/ blue-green Bark- Gray, brown |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Symmetrical form with thin arching branches. |
|
Picea pungens |
Blue Spruce |
Height- 30'-60(120+) Width- 10'-20' Form- Narrow, dense conical Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 3 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Cones are cylindrical and point down Foliage- Stiff blue/green needles Bark- Grey, brown, and blocky |
Disease/Insect- Spruce gall adelgid, red spiders and tip weevils Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Group plantings Other-Cones may become a litter problem. This plant is often lost due to wind throw in the landscape. Tolerant of wounding. Tolerant of urban conditions. Attractive yard tree. |
|
Pinus nigra |
Austrian Pine |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 20'-40' Form- Conical at youth, umbrella shape at maturity Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Tolerant PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Cones are shiny, yellow brown, thick and irregular Foliage-Needles in 2, dark green Bark- Grey, brown, silver, plates |
Disease/Insect- Pine nematodes, pine tip blight Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Will tolerate some fill and increased light and heat loads. Pine tip blight is potentially fatal but the incidence of this disease may be reduced under urban conditions. Tolerates wounding. |
|
Pinus resinosa |
Red Pine |
Height- 50'-70' Width- Varying spread Form- Lateral branches, oval Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 2 Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Cones, light† tan/brown Foliage-Needles in 2, brittle Bark- Orange, red, brown, silver, grey, rough scaly plates and patches |
Disease/Insect- Red pine scales Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Not tolerant of wind or increased salt. Tolerates cold well. Not tolerant of increased heat loads. Tolerant of wounding. |
|
Pinus strobus |
White Pine |
Height- 50'-100'+ Width- 30'-60' Form- Lateral branches, dense canopy Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 3 Soil Moisture- 3-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit-Numerous, brown, mostly in upper tree Foliage-Needles in 5, light green and soft Bark- Grey, green, scaly |
Disease/Insect-White pine weevil and blister rust Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other-Dose better with a mulched root zone. Intolerant of changes in soil moisture as this plant requires moist well drained soils. Intolerant of excess moisture. Very intolerant of aerial salt. Increased snow or ice loads results in frequent limb damage. |
|
Pinus sylvestris |
Scotch Pine |
Height- 30'-50' Width- 30'-60' Form- Conical at youth, flat top with age Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 2 Soil Moisture- 4-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Small, fat conical cones Foliage-Needles in 2, stiff serrated, green/blue twisted needles Bark- Gray, brown giving way to red, orange at the top of the tree, scaly |
Disease/Insect- Diplodia needle cast disease Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Intolerant of increased moisture levels. Decreased moisture levels can increase insect sensitivity. This plant is one of the more difficult pines to transplant. |
|
Pinus thunbergii |
Japanese Black Pine |
Height- 3'-100' Width- 2- 40' Form- Irregular pyramidal Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Tolerant PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Pendulous ovate cone Foliage-Needles in 2 Bark-Dark gray/purple gray |
Disease/Insect- Susceptible to pine wilt Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Tree has significant ornamental value and is often used for bonsai applications but can become large if not pruned. |
|
Platanus x aceriflolia |
London Planetree |
Height- 70'-100' Width- 60'-80' Form- Open spreading with age, massive branches Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 2-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit-1î Fruit Foliage-Maple like shape, coarsely tooth Fall Color- Yellow/brown Bark- Exfoliating plates, creamy yellow inner bark |
Disease/Insect-Over use has encouraged disease and insect problems. Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Wide plantings are recommended due to size and tendencies to disrupt sidewalks and other near by structures. Also fruit may cause a littler problem. |
|
Prunus 'Accolade |
Accolade Flowering Cheery |
Height- 20'-25' Width- 15'-25' Form- Rounded to vase Rate- Fast for Prunus |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-7 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- Pink Fruit- Pendulous cluster Foliage- Green into fall Bark- Red, brown horizontal lenticels |
Disease/Insect- Prunus have many potential problems Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Short lived |
|
Prunus avium |
Sweet Cherry |
Height- 25'-35' Width- 15'-30' Form- Rounded to vase Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-7 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- Whitish pink Fruit- Reddish pendulous cluster Foliage- Ovate Bark- Brown horizontal lenticels |
Disease/Insect- Prunus have many potential problems Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Short lived |
|
Prunus cerasifera |
Flowering Plum |
Height- 15'-30' Width- 15'-25' Form- Round Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- Pink and white Fruit- 1.5î red, edible Foliage- Ovate, deep purple Bark- Gray |
Disease/Insect- Prunus have many potential problems Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Short lived |
|
Prunus serotina |
Wild Blackcherry |
Height- 80' Width- 20'-40' Form-† Oval Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4b Soil Moisture- 3-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- White, showy Fruit- Round purple, red drupe, edible Foliage- Ovate, serrated leaf margins Fall Color- Yellow/orange Bark- Gray, black scaly |
Disease/Insect- Prunus have many potential problems Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other- Short lived. Very young plants seem to adapt to altered environment. Older plants often decline over time following any disturbance. |
|
Prunus 'Snow Goose'\ |
Snow Goose Cherry |
Height- 20'-25' Width- 20'-40' Form- Upright, wider with age, open branching Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5 Soil Moisture- 4-7 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- White Fruit- Blue/ black cherry Foliage- Typical cherry shape Fall Color- Yellow/red Bark- Gray , black horizontal lenticels |
Disease/Insect- Prunus have many potential problems Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Short lived |
|
Pseudotsuga menziesii |
Douglas Fir |
Height- 60' -80' Width- 20' -30' Form- Conical shape, horizontal branches with pendulous branchlets Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 3-8 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- No ornamental Significance Fruit- Tan cones with conspicuous 3 pointed bracts from between cone scales. Foliage- Small spirally arranged needles blue-green to green in color. Fall Color- Evergreen but some seasonal drop of old needles. Bark- Mature have reddish brown ridges and furrows. |
Disease/Insect- Cottony aphids, needle casts and twig blight Suggested usage- Lawns and parks Other- Performs poorly in excessively hot and dry situations. |
|
Pyrus calleryana |
Callery Pear |
Height- 30'-50' Width- 20'-40' Form- Oval to round, dense Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 2-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- White, showy Fruit- Small round pome Foliage- Ovate, leathery Fall Color- Red/purple/orange Bark- Light brown, gray |
Disease/Insect- Susceptible to fire blight Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Sever branch and limb damage is it highly probable during ice and snow loads. Watch cultivars. |
|
Pyrus fauriei 'Westwood' |
Korean Sun Pear |
Height- 15'-20' Width- 20'-40' Form- Rounded Rate- Unknown |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- White clusters Fruit- Berry like orange, red clusters Foliage- Rounded Fall Color- Red/orange, showy Bark- Brown, gray, furrows and ridges |
Disease/Insect- Fire blight tolerant Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. |
|
Quercus alba |
White Oak |
Height- 60'-80' Width- 60'-80' Form- Broad, Rounded Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- =7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn in pairs, elongated, numerous some years Foliage- Round lobes Fall Color- Purple/red showy Bark- White or flaky gray |
Disease/Insect- Numerous susceptibilities but most are superficial. Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Very Attractive specimen tree. Long lived Other-Thick bark provides some protection against mechanical damage. In its native range this plant is frequently one of the more common survivors following construction activity. Acorns may be problematic. |
|
Quercus bicolor |
Swamp White Oak |
Height- 50'-60' Width- 50'-60' Form- Broad, rounded, short trunk Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 4a Soil Moisture- 2-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, rounded, numerous some years Foliage- Obovate, round , lobed Fall Color- Copper/red Bark- Dark brown, deep ridges and furrows |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Alkaline soil tolerant. Can adapt to low oxygen sites. Will tolerates some fill and soil compaction. Acorns may be problematic. |
|
Quercus coccinea |
Scarlet Oak |
Height-60'-70'(100+) Width- 40'-50' Form- Rounded, Open Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, deep cap Foliage- Lobed , bristled tips and ëC' shaped sinus Fall Color- Scarlet, showy Bark- Gray, black |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Less adaptable to a low oxygen environment than most oaks. Often found in poor soils. |
|
Quercus macrocarpa |
Bur Oak |
Height- 60'-100'+ Width- 60'-90' Form- Broad, rounded, open Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 3a Soil Moisture- 2-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, long brown Foliage- Obovate, rounded lobes Fall Color- Yellow/ brown Bark- Gray, brown, flaky, distinct corky stem |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other -Thick bark provides protection from fire and mechanical damage. An alkaline soil tolerant oak. Can adapt to low oxygen sites and tolerates some fill. |
|
Quercus prinus |
Chestnut Oak |
Height- 50'-80' Width- 40'-60' Form- Rounded, irregular Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, 1or2 in bunch, dark brown Foliage- Obovate, scalloped toothed Fall Color-Yellow/brown Bark- Nearly black, deep furrows |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other -Often found in shallow, rocky soils where any disturbance of the site can result in the loss of the plant. In good sites the plant is quite tolerant of disturbance. This tree's thick bark provides some protection against mechanical damage. |
|
Quercus muehlenbergii |
Chinkapin Oak |
Height- 30'-50' Width- 30'-60' Form- Width usually greater than height Rate- Medium to slow with age |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, numerous some years Foliage- Lancolate shape , dentate margins Fall Color- Yellow, showy Bark- White, light gray , flaky |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks |
|
Quercus palustris |
Pin Oak |
Height-50'-70'(100+) Width- 40'-50' Form- Oval, distinct branching-upper branches(upright), middle(horizontal), lower (drooping) Rate- Fast for Quercus |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 2-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, small Foliage- Sharp pointed lobes. terminal bristles Fall Color- Red/bronze, showy Bark- Gray, brown shallow furrows and ridges |
Disease/Insect- Iron deficiency a significant problem. Over planting has encouraged problems, gypsy moths, oak wilt, galls and cankers Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other ñPruning may be needed do to lower descending branches. Adaptable to low oxygen environments. Requires acid to neutral soils. Plant is urban tolerant. |
|
Quercus robur |
English Oak |
Height-40'-60'(100+) Width- 40'-60' Form- Broad, rounded, open Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 4-12 Sun/Shade- Full Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, 1to 5 in bunch, small, elongated Foliage- Small leaves for and Oak, rounded lobes Bark- Gray, black, furrows and ridges |
Disease/Insect- Powdery mildew is a serious problem. Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks |
|
Quercus rubra |
Red Oak |
Height-60'-80'(100') Width- 50'-70' Form- Round Rate- Fast for Quercus |
Hardiness Zone- 3b Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, long, brown, 1to 2 in bunch Foliage- Lobed, bristle tips Fall Color- Red/ yellow/tan Bark- Brown, black , shallow furrows and ridges |
Disease/Insect- Oak wilt in southern parts of range. Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Shorter lived and less tolerant of disturbance than the white oak group. Urban tolerant. |
|
Quercus shumardii |
Shumard Oak |
Height-60'-80(100+) Width- 45'-65' Form- Oval to round Rate- Slow to medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 3-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, brown/black striated Foliage- Pointed lobes, deep sinus Fall Color- Orange/red, showy Bark- Gray, brown |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Do not prune in spring. |
|
Quercus velutina |
Black Oak |
Height- 50' Width- 60' Form- Irregular spread Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 3 Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Acorn, elongated Foliage- Pointed lobes, shiny red/brown, ovate Bark- Almost black, orange inner bark, furrows |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Less tolerant of compaction than many other oaks. Shorter lived than oaks in the white oak group. |
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Robinia pseudo-acacia |
Black Locust |
Height- 50'-80' Width- 20'-35' Form- Open, irregular branching Rate- Fast |
Hardiness Zone- 4b Soil Moisture- 3-12 Sun/Shade- Tolerates full shade Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Creamy white pea like cluster Fruit- Flat pod Foliage- Alternate pinnately compound, elliptical Fall Color- Yellow/green Bark- Gray, furrows and heavy ridges |
Disease/Insect- Borers and leaf minors. Suggested usage-Lawns and parks. Other-Fruit litter may cause problems. A high population of this tree results in sensitivity to borer damage or death. Urban tolerant. Tolerates some fill. |
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Sassafrass albidum |
Sassafras |
Height- 40'-50' Width- 30' Form- Round, irregular Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5 Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- Olive but has red pedicels , showy Fruit- Blue, black, eaten by birds Foliage-Mitten shape, left right or 2 thumbs Fall Color- Brown/red yellow, showy at times Bark- Red, brown, deeply furrowed and forming flattened ridges. |
Disease/Insect- Japanese beetles Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other-Plant regenerates from root suckers. Root sucker generated plants can be killed with minimal root disturbance due to the root distribution pattern. Plant tolerant of sterile soils. |
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Sorbus intermedia |
Swedish Mountainash |
Height- 25'-35' Width- 30' Form- Round Rate-Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4b Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full/ tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- White clusters, showy Fruit- Berry like, orange/red clusters Foliage- Ash shape Fall Color- Brown/orange/red Bark- Gray, brown, smooth to rough |
Disease/Insect-Relatively pest free Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. |
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Styphnolobium japonicum |
Japanese Pagodatree |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 35'-55' Form- Oval to round, upright spreading branches Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 4-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Pale yellow, cream white Fruit- Pod, necklace like Foliage- Pinnately compound Bark- Gray, brown furrows in rounded interlaced ridges |
Disease/Insect- Twig die back and stem cankers in colder zones Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. |
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Syringa reticulata |
Japanese Tree Lilac |
Height- 20'-25' Width- 15'-20' Form- Oval Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 3a Soil Moisture- 4-11 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Panicles, capsules, tan Foliage- Entire leaves, rounded base Fall Color- Off white Bark- Gray, brown, shiny, lenticels |
Disease/Insect-Susceptible to many lilac diseases, resistant to powder mildew Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. |
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Taxodium distichum |
Common Baldcypress |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 20'-40' Form- Slender pyramidal, horizontal branching Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 1-10 Sun/Shade-Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Cones Foliage- Deciduous, flattened needles Fall Color- Warm red/brown Bark- Red ,brown ,fibrous and fissured |
Disease/Insect-None serious or limiting Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other- Wide planting is recommended due to size and low branching patter. |
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Thuja occidentalis |
Arborvitae |
Height- 20'-40' Width- 10'-15' Form- Conical, dense Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 3-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Small cones with overlapping scales, Tan Foliage-2mm leaves form flattened rope like shoots, spray like Bark- Brown |
Disease/Insect- Bag worm, leaf minor and a deer favorite Suggested usage- Typically used as a foundation planting and hedges Other-Tolerates urban conditions. Tolerates excess moisture if given time to adapt. Tolerates wounding. Often found on rock outcrops where root disturbance can be fatal. Tolerates some fill. |
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Thuja plicata |
Western Red Cedar |
Height- 60'+ Width- 30'-40' Form- Conical, drooping branches that bend up at tips. Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 2-7 Sun/Shade- Full sun/partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.0 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Small egg shape. Foliage-needles lie in pairs, scaly, overlapping like shingles Bark- Gray stringy pulls off in long strips. |
Disease/Insect- Younger trees susceptible to herbivory, butt rot may also be problematic. Suggested usage- Lawns and parks. Other- Needs wet soils to prosper, long lived under optimal conditions. |
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Tilia americana |
Basswood |
Height-60'-80'(100+) Width- 30'-60' Form- Oval to round with age Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 3a Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Small ,creamy white, attracts bees Fruit- White, yellow nutlets Foliage- Broad heart shape Bark- Gray, brown, long flat top ridges |
Disease/Insect-Various pests, foliage feeding insects, scales, Linder mites and Japanese beetles Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other-Declines slowly over time. Consider by foresters as an indicator plant for environmental change. Mulching root zone will help to retain this plant. Intolerant of fill. |
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Tilia cordata |
Littleleaf Linden |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 30'-50' Form- Oval to round, pyramidal with age, dense Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 3b Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Yellow clusters attracts bees Fruit- Round nutlets Foliage- Sub or bicular, doubly serrated leaf margins Bark- Gray, brown |
Disease/Insect- Various pests, aphids and Japanese beetles Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. |
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Tilia cordata 'Halka' |
Summer Sprite Littleleaf Linden |
Height- 15'-20' Width- 8'-10' Form- Narrow, pyramidal, dense Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Yellow clusters attracts bees Fruit- Small round nutlets Foliage- Heart shape Bark- Gray, brown, furrows and ridges |
Disease/Insect- Various pests, aphids and Japanese beetles Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. |
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Tilia x euchlora |
Crimean Linden |
Height- 40'-60' Width- 20'-30' Form- Broadly pyramidal, pendulous lower branches Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 4 Soil Moisture- 4-9 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Broad ovate shape Bark- Gray, brown |
Disease/Insect- Various pests, aphids and Japanese beetles Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Basal suckers are maintenance problems. |
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Tilia tomentosa |
Silver Linden |
Height- 50'-70' Width- 35'-55' Form- Pyramidal, upright oval with age, dense Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 5a Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Sensitive PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- Yellow clusters Fruit- Small round nutlets Foliage- Heart shape, acuminate tip Bark- Gray, brown, furrows and ridges |
Disease/Insect- Various pests, aphids and Japanese beetles Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks. Other- Basal suckers are maintenance problems. |
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Tsuga canadensis |
Canadian Hemlock |
Height- 40'-70' Width- 25'-30' Form- Conical, pendulous or horizontal branches Rate- Slow |
Hardiness Zone- 3 Soil Moisture- 3-9 Sun/Shade- Full/tolerates partial shade Salt- Unknown PH- = 7.5 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Small light brown cones Foliage- Flattened short needles Bark- Brown, flaky , scaly |
Disease/Insect- Relatively pest free Suggested usage Lawns and parks Other-Intolerant of fill. Protection from soil compaction. Sensitive to increased soil temperatures and decreased soil moisture levels. Intolerant of excess moisture. |
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Ulmus parvifolia |
Lacebark Elm |
Height- 40'-75' Width- 30'-75' Form- Elm shape but some broader Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5b Soil Moisture- 3-12 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Similar to American Elm but smaller Fall Color- Yellow Bark- Exfoliates mix of gray, green, brown, olive |
Disease/Insect- Relatively resistant to Dutch Elm Disease Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Adaptable species to disturbance. Very tolerant of urban conditions. Sensitive to phloem necrosis is fatal. Tolerates mechanical damage. |
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Ulmus "pioneer" |
Pioneer hybrid Elm |
Height- 60'-90' Width- 40'-80' Form- Elm shape vase structure Rate- Medium |
Hardiness Zone- 3 Soil Moisture- 2-9 Sun/Shade- Full/tolerates partial shade Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- Disc shape Foliage- Simple, double serrated leaf margins, oblique base Bark- Gray ,fissures and intersecting ridges |
Disease/Insect- Relatively resistant to Dutch Elm Disease Suggested usage- Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Adaptable species to disturbance. Very tolerant of urban conditions. Sensitive to phloem necrosis which is fatal. Tolerates mechanical damage. |
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Zelkova serrata |
Japanese zelcova |
Height-50'-70'(120') Wild Width- 40'-60' Form- Vase shape Rate- Medium to fast |
Hardiness Zone- 5 Soil Moisture- 4-10 Sun/Shade- Full sun Salt- Some tolerance PH- = 8.2 |
Flower- No ornamental significance Fruit- No ornamental significance Foliage- Elliptical shape, toothed, acuminate tip Fall Color- Yellow/bronze/red/purple, showy Bark- Steel gray, exfoliates to expose orange inner bark |
Disease/Insect- None serious or limiting Suggested usage-Narrow or wide street tree, Lawns and parks Other-Replacement for American Elm and Dutch elm resistant. Splitting may occur. Tolerates urban conditions |